Restrictions to student visa routes came into effect yesterday, as the government continues to slash migration and curb abuse of the immigration system.
学生签证途径的限制从昨天开始生效，英国政府继续削减移民数量并遏制对移民体系的滥用。
International students starting courses this month will no longer be able to bring family members on all but postgraduate research courses and courses with government-funded scholarships. The changes, first announced last May, have also seen people banned from using the student visa as a backdoor route to work in the UK and will see an estimated 140,000 fewer people come to the UK.
从这个月开始的国际学生将无法携带家属前来英国，除非他们参加的是研究型研究生课程或政府资助的奖学金课程。这些变化最初于去年五月宣布，也禁止了人们利用学生签证作为一种非正式途径来在英国工作，并预计将使前来英国的人数减少约140,000人。
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) estimated that net migration was 672,000 from June 2022 to June 2023. In the year ending September 2023, 152,980 visas were issued to dependants of students, a more than 930% rise from the 14,839 in the year ending September 2019.
根据英国国家统计局（ONS）的估计，从2022年6月到2023年6月，英国的净移民数量为672,000人。在截至2023年9月的一年中，向学生家属发放的签证数量为152,980个，相比2019年9月结束的那一年的14,839个签证，增长了超过930%。
The changes to student dependant rules are part of a wider package of measures to come into force that will drastically bring down the high numbers of migrants coming to the UK to sustainable levels, and crack down on those who take advantage of the flexibility of the UK’s immigration system.
学生家属规则的变化是一系列更广泛措施的一部分，这些措施即将生效，将大幅降低前往英国的高移民数量至可持续水平，并打击那些利用英国移民系统灵活性的人。
Home Secretary James Cleverly said:   
内政大臣詹姆斯·克莱弗利（James Cleverly）说：
This government is delivering on its commitment to the British public to cut migration. We have set out a tough plan to rapidly bring numbers down, control our borders and prevent people from manipulating our immigration system, which will come into force throughout this year.
这届政府正在兑现其对英国公众的承诺，即削减移民数量。英国政府已经制定了一个严格的计划，旨在迅速减少移民数量，控制我们的边界，并防止人们操纵我们的移民系统，这个计划将在今年内生效。
Yesterday, a major part of that plan came into effect, ending the unreasonable practice of overseas students bringing their family members to the UK. This will see migration falling rapidly by the tens of thousands and contribute to our overall strategy to prevent 300,000 people from coming to the UK.
昨天，该计划的一个主要部分开始生效，结束了海外学生带家属来英国的不合理做法。这将使移民数量迅速减少数以万计，并有助于英国政府的总体战略，防止30万人来到英国。
Tom Pursglove MP, Minister for Legal Migration and the Border, said:
合法移民和边境部长汤姆·普斯格洛夫（Tom Pursglove）议员说：
Our world-leading universities rightly attract some of the brightest students from around the world to the UK. But we have seen a surge in the number of dependants being brought by students, which is contributing to unsustainable levels of migration.
我们世界领先的大学理所当然地吸引了来自世界各地的一些最聪明的学生来到英国。但我们看到，学生带来的家属数量激增，这导致了不可持续的移民水平。
We are completely committed to seeing a decisive cut in migration. The action implemented yesterday to restrict bringing dependants on the student visa route allows us to better protect our public services, while supporting the economy by allowing the students who contribute the most to keep coming here.
我们完全致力于在移民问题上做出果断的削减。昨天实施的限制学生签证途径带家属的行动，使我们能够更好地保护我们的公共服务，同时通过允许最有贡献的学生继续来到这里，支持经济发展。
This is part of a series of measures which together will see 300,000 fewer people coming to the UK compared to last year.
这是一系列措施的一部分，与去年相比，这些措施将使来英国的人数减少30万人。
At the same time, the government is stopping the boats and tackling illegal migration. Small boat arrivals to the UK are down 35% this year, illegal working raids have increased by 70%, migration agreements have been signed with France, Bulgaria, Turkey, Italy, Georgia and Ethiopia, more than 5,000 Albanians have been returned and arrivals from Albania are down by 90%. This is on top of signing a new treaty with the government of Rwanda and introducing new legislation making it clear that Rwanda is a safe country and allowing asylum seekers to be relocated there as a safe third country.
同时，政府正在阻止偷渡船只并打击非法移民。今年，小船抵达英国的数量下降了35%，非法工作突袭增加了70%。英国与法国、保加利亚、土耳其、意大利、格鲁吉亚和埃塞俄比亚签署了移民协议，超过5,000名阿尔巴尼亚人被遣返回国，从阿尔巴尼亚抵达的人数下降了90%。此外，英国还与卢旺达政府签署了一项新条约，并引入了新的立法，明确卢旺达是一个安全国家，允许寻求庇护者作为第三安全国家被安置在那里。
The changes to student visas strike the right balance to continue to preserve the attractiveness of the UK’s world-leading higher education sector, while removing the ability for institutions to undermine the UK’s reputation by selling immigration not education.
学生签证的变化达到了正确的平衡，既保持了英国世界领先的高等教育领域的吸引力，同时又消除了教育机构通过出售移民身份而非教育来损害英国声誉的可能性。

The government remains committed to the International Education Strategy which recognises the important benefits that international students bring to the UK, including the economic contribution they make. This means balancing the commitment to lower overall levels of migration with ensuring those coming to the UK are highly skilled and provide the most benefit to our economy.
政府仍然致力于国际教育战略，该战略认识到国际学生为英国带来的重要好处，包括他们所做的经济贡献。这意味着要平衡降低总体移民水平的承诺，并确保来英国的人员具有高技能，并为英国的经济提供最大的益处。

The government will work with universities to design an alternative approach, in order to continue to attract the brightest and the best to the UK, and so they can bring dependents to the UK’s world-leading universities, while continuing to reduce net migration.
政府将与大学合作，设计一种替代方法，以继续吸引最优秀和最聪明的人才来到英国，并使他们能够将家属带到英国世界领先的大学，同时继续减少净移民。
In December, the Home Secretary announced a further set of measures to bring legal migration down to sustainable levels. This includes ending the abuse of health and care visas by stopping overseas care workers from bringing dependants, and requiring care firms in England to be regulated by the Care Quality Commission in order to sponsor visas.

在12月，英国内政大臣宣布了一系列进一步措施，以将合法移民降至可持续水平。这包括结束滥用健康和护理签证，通过阻止海外护理工作者带家属来英国，并要求英格兰的护理公司接受护理质量委员会的监管以赞助签证。
Salary thresholds across the skilled worker route will also be increased by nearly 50% to £38,700, while the government is also cracking down on cut-price labour from overseas by scrapping the 20% salary discount for shortage occupations and replacing the Shortage Occupation List.  
技术工人途径的薪资门槛也将增加近50%，达到38,700英镑，同时政府也在打击来自海外的廉价劳动力，通过取消针对紧缺职业的20%薪资折扣并替换紧缺职业列表。
The minimum income requirement for British or settled people sponsoring family members to join them in the UK will also be increased to £38,700 by Spring 2025, while the Migration Advisory Committee will be commissioned to review the Graduate route to prevent abuse and ensure the integrity and quality of the UK higher education system is maintained.
到2025年春季，英国或在英国定居的人赞助家庭成员加入他们的最低收入要求也将增加到38,700英镑。同时，移民咨询委员会将被委托审查毕业生途径，以防止滥用并确保英国高等教育系统的完整性和质量得到维护。
This package of measures, taken in addition with the measures on student dependants, means that around 300,000 people who came to the UK last year would not be able to in the future – the largest reduction ever. This is a tough but fair approach to bring net migration down to sustainable levels as soon as possible, while ensuring those affected have ample time to prepare for upcoming changes – with the package being introduced gradually throughout early 2024.
这套措施，连同对学生家属的措施，意味着大约30万去年来到英国的人未来将无法这样做——这是有史以来最大的减少。这是一种严格但公平的方法，旨在尽快将净移民数量降至可持续水平，同时确保受影响的人有充足的时间为即将到来的变化做准备——这套措施将在2024年初逐步引入。